An example of a valid S command: S The T command is used in conjunction with M6 M-codes are machine action codes to specify the tool number to be used for cutting the current file: M6 T1 On industrial machines, an M6 T command usually produces a tool change with an automatic tool changer. The S command sets the spindle speed, typically in revolutions per minute RPM.

The F command sets the feed rate the machine operates at the set feed rate when G1 is used, and subsequent G1 commands will execute at the set F value. Because the machine is in G1 mode until you change it to something else like G0 or G2 or G3. If you issue another set of coordinates, you do not need to issue another G1 command. When you issue a G command, you are putting the machine into that mode. Here are the most common, in order of precedence that is, comments will be interpreted first and the change tool will be interpreted last. Just like a math equation, G-code has its own rules about the order of operations. For example, in incremental mode, G1 X1 will advance the machine 1 unit in the x direction, regardless of its current location. The opposite mode of G Setting incremental mode means that every command issued will move your machine the specified number of units from its current point. Absolute coordinates will be interpreted as exactly that - absolute. A simple G28 command sends the machine to its home position.Īdding coordinates will define an intermediate point to go to, before homing to avoid collisionslike this: G28 Z0 Some machines require a G G90 causes units to be interpreted as absolute coordinates. These modes set the plane to be machined. Whereas G2 specifies clockwise motion, G3 specifies counterclockwise motion between the points Figure E. Just like G2the G3 command creates an arc between two points. The G2 starting point is where the machine is located prior to issuing the G2 command. Setting the mode to G2 and specifying the offset from center Figures C and D creates clockwise motion between the starting point and the specified ending points. The machine will move in a coordinated fashion, and both axes complete their travel at the same time. The G0 command moves the machine at maximum travel speed to whatever coordinates follow G0 Figure A.

Here are the most common commands and how they work. However, some people especially makers! G-codes tell the controller what sort of motion is desired. Available at Maker Shed and fine bookstores. This tutorial is excerpted from Make: Getting Started with CNCwhich provides a basic overview of how to use affordable, hobbyist-level computer-controlled routers. Edward Ford designed and released Project Shapeoko and helped cofound Carbide 3D, where he leads the Shapeoko product line and develops other great desktop manufacturing software and equipment.

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